do的中文

时间: 2024-09-20 07:05:28

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do
/ du: , du , dE , d /

do¹
◙ (does ; past did ; past participle done )
1. [with obj.] perform (an action, the precise nature of which is often unspecified)
• 做，干（其行动的具体性质往往不明确）
»something must be done about the city's traffic.
  必须就城市交通采取一定措施。
»she knew what she was doing.
  她知道自己在做什么。
»what can I do for you?
  我可以为你做些什么？
»Brian was making eyes at the girl, and had been doing so for most of the hearing.
  布赖恩一直在和那个姑娘眉目传情，而且在听证会大部分时间里都这样。
  perform (a particular task)
• 执行，履行（特定任务）
»Dad always did the washing up on Sundays.
  老爸总是在星期天洗衣服。
  work on (something) to bring it to completion or to a required state
• 完成；做好
»it takes them longer to do their hair than me.
  他们做头发要比我花更长的时间。
»she's the secretary and does the publicity.
  她是秘书，要完成宣传任务。
  make or have available and provide
• 供给；提供
»he's doing bistro food.
  他给小酒馆供应食品。
»many hotels don't do single rooms at all.
  很多旅馆根本不提供单人间。
»[with two objs] he decided to do her a pastel sketch of himself.
  他决定给她一幅他自己的彩色蜡笔画。
  solve; work out
• 解答；算出
»Joe was doing sums aloud.
  乔在做口算题。
  cook (food) to completion or to a specified degree
• 烧好（食物）
»if a knife inserted into the centre comes out clean, then your pie is done.
  如果刀插到中间，拔出来是干净的，饼就做好了。
  (often in questions) work at for a living
• [常用于问句] 从事（谋生的职业）
»what does she do?
  她做什么工作？
  learn or study; take as one's subject
• 学习；以…为专业
»I'm doing English, German, and History.
  我在学英语、德语和历史。
  produce or give a performance of (a particular play, opera, etc.)
• 编排；表演（戏剧、歌剧等）
»the Royal Shakespeare Company are doing Macbeth next month.
  皇家莎士比亚公司下个月要上演《麦克白》。
  perform (a particular role, song, etc.) or imitate (a particular person) in order to entertain people
• 扮演（角色）；演唱（歌曲）；模仿（某人）
»he not only does Schwarzenegger and Groucho, he becomes them.
  他不仅仅是扮演施瓦茨尼格尔和格劳乔，他已经变成他们。
  [informal] take (a narcotic drug)
• [非正式] 吸（毒）
»he doesn't smoke, drink, or do drugs.
  他不抽烟、不喝酒，也不吸毒。
  attend to (someone)
• 护理；照顾（某人）
»the barber said he'd do me next.
  理发师说他下一个就为我服务。
  (vulgar slang)have sexual intercourse with
• [粗俚] 同…性交
  (do it)[informal] have sexual intercourse
• [非正式] 性交
  (do it)[informal] urinate; defecate
• [非正式] 大小便
2. [with obj.] achieve or complete, in particular
• 实现；完成，尤指
  travel (a specified distance)
• 行过；走过（一定距离）
»one car I looked at had done 112,000 miles.
  我看的一辆车已经行驶了112,000英里。
  travel at (a specified speed)
• （以一定速度）行驶；行进
»I was speeding, doing seventy-five.
  我在加速，开到了75。
  make (a particular journey)
• 旅行
»last time I did Oxford–york return by train it was £40.
  上次我坐牛津到约克的往返火车旅行时，票价是40英镑。
  achieve (a specified sales figure)
• 达到（一定销售额）
»our best-selling album did about a million worldwide.
  我们最畅销的唱片在全球销量达到了100万左右。
  [informal] visit as a tourist, especially in a superficial or hurried way
• [非正式] 游览；观光（尤指走马观花或匆忙地旅行）
»the Americans are allotted only a day to do the Yorkshire Moors.
  这些美国人只有一天时间在约克郡沼地观光。
  spend (a specified period of time), typically in prison or in a particular occupation
• （尤指在监狱或某行业）度过（一段时间）
»he did five years for manslaughter.
  他因为杀人被关了五年。
»Peter has done thirteen years in the RAF.
  彼得已经在英国皇家空军度过了13年。
  [no obj.] [informal] finish
• [非正式] 完成
»you must sit there and wait till I've done.
  你必须坐在那儿等我做完。
»[with present participle] we've done arguing.
  我们已经吵完了。
  (be done)be over
• 结束
»the special formula continues to beautify your tan when the day is done.
  即使白天已经过去了，这种特别配方也会继续使你黝黑的皮肤变漂亮。
  (be/have done with)give up concern for; have finished with
• 不再操心；完成，结束
»I should sell the place and be done with it.
  我应该把这个地方卖掉，不再为它烦心。
»we have done with history.
  我们历史已经讲完了。
3. [no obj., with adverbial] act or behave in a specified way
• （以特定方式）行动；行事
»they are free to do as they please.
  他们可以随意行事。
»you did well to bring her back.
  你把她带回来，这样做是对的。
  make progress or perform in a specified way; get on
• 进行；完成；进展
»when a team is doing badly, it's not easy for a new player to settle in.
  当一个团队进展不利时，新成员很难融入。
»Mrs Walters, how're you doing?
  沃尔特斯夫人，你最近怎么样？
  [with obj. and complement] have a specified effect on
• 对…有特别效果
»the walk will do me good.
  散步对我有好处。
  [with obj.] result in
• 导致；产生，带来…结果
»the years of stagnation did a lot of harm to the younger generation.
  多年的萧条给年轻一代带来很多坏处。
4. [no obj.] be suitable or acceptable
• 合适的；可接受的
»if he's anything like you, he'll do.
  如果他像你那样就可以了。
»[with obj.] a couple of quid'll do me.
  我要几英镑就够了。
5. [with obj.] [informal] beat up; kill
• [非正式] 痛打；杀死
»one day I'll do him.
  总有一天我会揍他一顿。
  [一般作 be done] ruin
• 毁掉
»once you falter, you're done.
  一旦你站不稳，你就完了。
  rob (a place)
• 打劫（某处）
»this would be an easy place to do and there was plenty of money lying around.
  这个地方很好抢，钱多得到处都是。
   swindle
• 诈骗
»a thousand pounds for one set of photographs—Jacqui had been done.
  一套照片要1,000英镑 —— 杰奎上当了。
6. [with obj.] [一般作 be/get done for] [Brit. informal] prosecute ; convict
• [英，非正式] 起诉；宣告…有罪
»we got done for conspiracy to cause GBH.
  我们因为有故意造成重伤的嫌疑而被起诉。
◙ auxiliary verb
1. used before a verb (except be, can, may, ought, shall, will) in questions and negative statements
• [构成疑问句或否定句，用于动词前（除be, can, may, ought, shall, will外）]
»do you have any pets?
  你养宠物吗？
»did he see me?
  他看到我了吗？
»I don't smoke.
  我不抽烟。
»it does not matter.
  这没关系。
  used to make tag questions
• [构成附加疑问句]
»you write poetry, don't you?
  你写诗，是吗？
»I never seem to say the right thing, do I?
  我好像从来没有说对过，是吗？
  used in negative commands
• [构成否定祈使句]
»don't be silly.
  别犯傻。
»do not forget.
  不要忘记了。
2. used to refer back to a verb already mentioned
• [代替动词]
»he looks better than he did before.
  他看起来比以前好些。
»you wanted to enjoy yourself, and you did.
  你想自得其乐，而且做到了。
»as they get smarter, so do the crooks.
  他们变得更聪明了，骗子也是。
3. used to give emphasis to a positive verb
• [用于加强语气]
»I do want to act on this.
  我确实想对此采取行动。
»he did look tired.
  他看起来确实累了。
  used in positive commands to give polite encouragement
• [用于加强礼貌的祈使语气]
»do tell me!.
  一定要告诉我！。
»do sit down.
  请坐下来。
4. used with inversion of a subject and verb when an adverbial phrase begins a clause for emphasis
• [用于倒装句]
»only rarely did they succumb.
  他们难得屈服。
»not only did the play close, the theatre closed.
  不仅表演结束了，剧院也关门了。
◙ (pl. dos 或 do's)
1. (informal, chiefly Brit.)a party or other social event
• [非正式，主英] 舞会；社交活动
»the soccer club Christmas do.
  足球俱乐部的圣诞聚会。
2. (也作 'do)(informal, chiefly N. Amer.). short for hairdo
• [非正式，主北美] hairdo 的简称
3. [Brit. archaic, informal] a swindle or hoax
• [英，古，非正式] 诈骗；愚弄

【IDIOMS】

◘ be nothing to do with
1. be no business or concern of
• 不关…的事；不用…操心
»it's my decision—it's nothing to do with you.
  这是我的决定——不关你的事。
  be unconnected with
• 与…无关
»he says his departure is nothing to do with the resignation calls.
  他说他的离开和辞职要求无关。
◘ be to do with
1. be concerned or connected with
• 与…有关；与…有联系
»the problems are usually to do with family tension.
  这些问题通常与家庭关系紧张有关。
◘ do a —
1. [informal] behave in a manner characteristic of (a specified person)
• [非正式] （在举止行为上）模仿（某人）
»he did a Garbo after his flop in the play.
  他表演失败后就模仿嘉宝。
◘ do battle
1. enter into a conflict
• 开战，开始冲突
◘ do one
1. [in imperative] [N. English informal] go away
• [北英格兰，非正式] 走开
»look, just do one, will you!.
  喂，你走开吧！。
◘ do one's head (或 nut in 或 do one's head)
1. [Brit. informal] be extremely angry, worried, or agitated
• [英，非正式] 暴怒；极其担心；极其激动
◘ do the honours --› see honour
◘ do someone/thing justice --› see justice
◘ don't — me
1. [informal] do not use the word — to me
• [非正式] 不要对我说…
»“Don't morning me. Where the hell've you been all night?”.
  “别跟我说早安，你一晚上到底在哪？”。
◘ do or die
1. persist, even if death is the result
• 不成功，毋宁死；决一死战
  used to describe a critical situation where one's actions may result in victory or defeat
• 关键时刻
»the 72nd hole was do or die.
  第72洞是个关键。
◘ dos and don'ts
1. rules of behaviour
• 行为准则；须知
»I have no knowledge of the political dos and don'ts.
  我对政治上的规矩一无所知。
◘ do well for oneself
1. become successful or wealthy
• 变得成功；致富
◘ do well out of
1. make a profit out of; benefit from
• 靠…赚钱；得益于
»they're doing well out of scrap metal.
  他们正在靠废金属赚钱。
◘ have got — to do with
1. be connected with (someone or something) to the extent specified
• 与（某人，某物）有多大关系
»John's got nothing to do with that terrible murder.
  约翰和那场可怕的谋杀没有任何关系。
  (have nothing to do with)have no contact or dealings with
• 与…没有联系；与…没有打交道
»Billy and his father have had nothing to do with each other for nearly twenty years.
  比利和他父亲不相往来已有将近20年了。
◘ it isn't done
1. [Brit.] used to express the speaker's opinion that something contravenes custom, opinion, or propriety
• [英] [用于表示说话人认为某事与习俗、舆论或礼节相悖] 不合适的，不可行的
»in such a society it is not done to admit to taking religion seriously.
  在这样一个社会里承认很重视宗教是行不通的。
◘ it won't do
1. used to express the speaker's opinion that someone's behaviour is unsatisfactory and cannot be allowed to continue
• [用来表示说话人不满意某人的行为并认为不应再让其继续下去] 不行
»Can't have that kind of talk—I've told you before, it won't do.
  不能进行那种谈话——我跟你说过，这是不行的。
◘ no you don't
1. [informal] used to indicate that one intends to prevent someone from doing what they were about to do
• [非正式] （用于阻止某人的行为）别那样
»Sharon went to get in the taxi. ‘Oh no you don't’, said Steve.
  莎伦走过去要进出租车。“哦，别那样，”史蒂夫说道。
◘ that does it!
1. [informal] used to indicate that one will not tolerate something any longer
• [非正式] [用来表示某人再也不能容忍某事了] 够了！行了！
»That does it! Let's go!.
  够了！我们走吧！。
◘ that's done it!
1. [informal] used to express dismay or anger when something has gone wrong
• [非正式] [用来表示出问题时的沮丧或愤怒] 完了！

【语源】

1. Old English dōn, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch doen and German tun, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek tithēmi 'I place' and Latin facere 'make, do'

【PHR V】

◘ do away with
1. [informal] put an end to; remove
• [非正式] 结束；去除
»the desire to do away with racism.
  废除种族主义的愿望。
   kill
• 杀死
»he didn't have the courage to do away with her.
  他没有勇气杀死她。
◘ do by
1. [dated] treat or deal with in a specified way
• [旧] （以某种方式）对待；对付
»do as you would be done by.
  以其人之道还治其人之身。
»she did well by them.
  她对他们很好。
◘ do someone/thing down
1. [Brit. informal] get the better of someone, typically in an underhand way
• [英, 非正式] （多指用卑鄙手段）打败；压倒；制服；欺骗
  criticize someone or something
• 批评
»they're always moaning and doing British industry down.
  他们一直在抱怨，把英国工业贬得一无是处。
◘ do for
1. [informal] defeat, ruin, or kill
• [非正式] 击败；毁掉；杀死
»without that contract we're done for.
  没有那份合同我们就完了。
»it was the cold that did for him in the end.
  最后他死于伤风。
2. [Brit. informal] do the cleaning for (a person or private household)
• [英, 非正式] 为…做清洁工作
»Florrie usually did for the Shermans in the mornings.
  弗洛丽每天早上帮谢尔曼斯打扫卫生。
3. suffice for
• 满足，足够
»a strip of white cotton about 20 yards long did for a fence.
  一条长20码左右的白棉布足够围栏用了。
◘ do something (或 nothing ) for
1. [informal] enhance (or detract from) the appearance or quality of
• [非正式] 改善（或有损于）外观；改进（或减损）质量
»whatever the new forum does for industry, it certainly does something for the Minister.
  不管这个新论坛对该行业来说怎么样，它肯定是给部长脸上贴金了。
»that scarf does nothing for you.
  那条围巾有损你的形象。
◘ do someone in
1. [informal] kill someone
• [非正式] 杀死
  [一般作 be done in] [informal] tire someone out
• [非正式] 使（某人）筋疲力尽
»there was 1 minute 4 seconds to play and the Lions were done in.
  比赛还剩1分零4秒，狮子队已经精疲力竭了。
◘ do something in
1. [informal] injure something
• [非正式] 损伤（某物）
»I did my back in a few years ago.
  我几年前伤了背部。
◘ do someone out of
1. [informal] deprive someone of (something) in an underhand or unfair way
• [非正式] （以不光彩、不公平的手段）剥夺某人（的某物）
◘ do something out
1. [Brit. informal] decorate or furnish a room or building in a particular style, colour, or material
• [英，非正式] （用特定风格、色彩或材料）装修；布置
»the basement is done out in limed oak.
  地下室是用石灰处理过的橡木装修的。
◘ do someone over
1. [Brit. informal] beat someone up
• [英，非正式] 痛打
◘ do something over
1. [Brit. informal] ransack a place, especially in the course of a search for something worth stealing
• [英，非正式] （尤指为寻找贵重物品）洗劫
2. [informal] decorate or furnish a room or building
• [非正式] 装修；布置
3. [N. Amer. informal] repeat something
• [北美，非正式] 重复
»to absorb the lesson, I had to do it over and over.
  为了消化这一课，我不得不一遍遍重复。
◘ do up
1. be able to be fastened
• 扣上；系上
»a shirt so tight that not all of the buttons did up.
  衬衫紧紧的，不是所有的扣子都可以扣得上。
◘ do someone up
1. [一般作 be done up] dress someone up, especially in an elaborate or impressive way
• （尤指精心地或隆重地）打扮；装饰（某人）
»Agnes was all done up in a slinky black number.
  艾格尼丝盛装打扮，着一身黑色衣服，窈窕动人。
◘ do something up
1. fasten something
• 系紧；系牢
»she drew on her coat and did up the buttons.
  她穿上外套，扣上扣子。
  [一般作 be done up] arrange one's hair in a particular way, especially so as to be pulled back from one's face or shoulders
• 梳头
»her dark hair was done up in a pony tail.
  她乌黑的头发扎成一条马尾辫。
  wrap something up
• 包裹，包扎
»unwieldy packs all done up with string.
  大件物品都是用绳子包扎的。
2. [informal] renovate or redecorate a room or building
• [非正式] 翻修；重新装修（房间，建筑物）
»Mrs Hamilton did the place up for letting.
  汉密尔顿夫人为了出租将这个地方重新装修了。
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