grade的中文

时间: 2024-11-07 16:22:00

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grade
/ ɡreid /

◙ noun
1. a particular level of rank, quality, proficiency, intensity, or value
• （等级、质量、熟练程度、强度或数值上的）级别
»sea salt is usually available in coarse or fine grades.
  从级别上来说，海盐通常有粗盐和细盐之分。
  a level in a salary or employment structure
• （薪水或就业结构中的）等级
  [Brit.] a level of importance allocated to a listed building
• [英] （对列入名单的建筑物按重要性进行的）分级
»[as modifier] a Grade I listed building.
  一级建筑。
  (chiefly N. Amer.)a mark indicating the quality of a student's work
• [主北美] （表明学生成绩的）分数
»I got good grades last semester.
  上学期我得了高分。
  [Brit.] an examination, especially in music
• [英] （尤指音乐的）考试
»I took grade five and got a distinction.
  我参加了五级的考试并得了优良。
  [N.Amer.] (with specifying ordinal number) those pupils in a school or school system who are grouped by age or ability for teaching at a particular level for a year
• [北美] （按学生年龄或受教能力划分的）年级
»she teaches first grade.
  她教一年级。
  (in historical linguistics) a relative position in a series of forms involving ablaut
• [历史语言学] 元音变换的相应位置
  [Zoology] a group of animals at a similar evolutionary level
• [动] （由一组处于相似进化程度的动物形成的）级
2. (chiefly N. Amer.)a gradient or slope
• [主北美] 梯度；斜坡
»just over the crest of a long seven per cent grade.
  刚越过了一个长长的0.07度斜坡的山顶。
3. [usu. as modifier] a variety of cattle produced by crossing with a superior breed
• 与纯种杂交改良的牛
»grade stock.
  改良的家畜。
◙ verb, [with obj.] [一般作 be graded]
1. arrange in or allocate to grades; class or sort
• 按照级别安排或分配；分类
»they are graded according to thickness.
  它们是按厚度分类的。
»[as adj. graded] carefully graded exercises.
  仔细分类的练习。
  (chiefly N. Amer.)give a mark to (a student or a piece of work)
• [主北美] （给学生或作业）打分
2. [no obj.] pass gradually from one level, especially a shade of colour, into another
• （尤指色彩）从一个等级逐渐进入另一个等级
»the sky graded from blue at the top of the shot to white on the horizon.
  天空从镜头顶端的蓝色渐渐变成地平线上的白色。
3. reduce (a road) to an easy gradient
• （将路面）坡度减缓
4. cross (livestock) with a superior breed
• （家畜）与更优良品种杂交

【IDIOMS】

◘ at grade
1. [N. Amer.] on the same level
• [北美] 在同一水平面上
»the crossing at grade of two streets.
两条街的平面交叉路口。
◘ make the grade
1. [informal] succeed; reach the desired standard
• [非正式] 成功；达到理想标准

【语源】

1. early 16th cent.: from French, or from Latin gradus 'step'. Originally used as a unit of measurement of angles (a degree of arc), the term later referred to degrees of merit or quality