be汉语
时间: 2024-11-09 09:11:42
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be
/ bi: , bi /
◙ (sing. present am ; are ; is ;pl. present are;1st and 3rd sing. past was ;2nd sing. past and pl. past were ;present subjunctive be;past subjunctive were;present participle being;past participle been )
1. [一般作 there is/are] exist
• 存在；在
»there are no easy answers.
没有简单的答案。
»there once was a man.
曾经有个人。
»there must be something wrong.
肯定有什么出了错。
»I think, therefore I am.
我思故我在。
be present
• 在场，有
»there were no curtains around the showers.
淋浴器旁没有帘子。
»are there any castles in this area?
这个地区有城堡吗？
2. [with adverbial] occur; take place
• 举行；发生
»the exhibition will be in November.
展览将在11月举行。
»the opening event is on October 16.
开幕式于10月16日举行。
»that was before the war.
那件事发生在战争之前。
occupy a position in space
• 位于，在
»Salvation Street was on his left.
救世大街在他左边。
»she was not at the window.
她不在窗边。
stay in the same place or condition
• 逗留；持续
»he's a tough customer— let him be.
他是个难对付的顾客，随他去吧。
attend
• 从事
»I'm at school doing A levels.
我在学校读A级班。
come; go; visit
• 来；去；游览
»he's from Missouri.
他来自密苏里州。
»I have just been to Thailand.
我刚去过泰国。
»the doctor's been twice today.
医生今天已经来了两趟了。
3. [as copular verb] having the state, quality, identity, nature, role, etc., specified
• ［表特定状态、质量、身份、本质或角色等］是；就是
»Amy was 91.
艾米91岁了。
»the floor was uneven.
地板不平。
»I want to be a teacher.
我想当老师。
»father was not well.
父亲身体不适。
»it will be Christmas soon.
很快就是圣诞节了。
»‘Be careful,’ Carter said.
“当心点！"卡特说。
cost
• 花费
»the tickets were £25.
门票要25英镑。
amount to
• 等于
»one and one is two.
一加一等于二。
represent
• 代表
»let A be a square matrix of order n.
假设A代表n次方阵。
signify
• 意味
»we were everything to each other.
我们对彼此来说意味着一切。
consist of; constitute
• 由…组成
»the monastery was several three-storey buildings.
修道院由几幢三层的楼房组成。
◙ auxiliary verb
1. used with a present participle to form continuous tenses
• ［与现在分词连用构成进行时］正
»they are coming.
他们马上就来。
»he had been reading.
他一直在读书。
»she will be waiting.
她会等着的。
2. used with a past participle to form the passive voice
• ［与过去分词连用构成被动语态］被
»it was done.
（事情）做好了。
»it is said.
据说。
»his book will be published.
他的书将会出版。
3. [with infinitive] used to indicate something that is due or destined to happen
• 注定要，预定要
»construction is to begin next summer.
建筑工程将于明年夏天开始。
»his mum was never to see him win.
他母亲未能亲眼看到他获胜。
used to express obligation or necessity
• 应当；必须；只得
»you are to follow these orders.
你必须服从这些命令。
»they said I was to remain on board.
他们说我得留在船上。
used to express possibility
• 可能
»these snakes are to be found in North America.
这些蛇能在北美找到。
»she was nowhere to be seen.
哪儿也找不到她。
used to hypothesize about something that might happen
• 倘若，如果
» if I were to lose.
如果我失败的话。
»if I was to tell you, you'd think I was mad.
如果我告诉你，你会以为我疯了。
»were she to cure me, what could I offer her?
如果她治好我的病，我能拿什么报答她呢？
4. (archaic)used with the past participle of intransitive verbs to form perfect tenses
• [古] ［与不及物动词的过去分词连用构成完成时］已经
»I am returned.
我回来了。
【IDIOMS】
◘ as/that was1. as someone or something was previously called
• 如过去所称
»former Sex Pistol John Lydon [Rotten, as was] .
过去的欲望枪手约翰•莱登（前称为罗登）。
◘ the be-all and end-all
1. [informal] a feature of an activity or a way of life that is of greater importance than any other
• [非正式] （活动或生活方式的）根本特点；要旨
◘ be oneself
1. act naturally, according to one's character and instincts
• 表现得自然
◘ been (或 been and gone) and——
1. [informal] used to express surprise or annoyance at someone's actions
• [非正式] ［表惊讶或恼火］竟然
»they've been and carted Mum off to hospital.
他们竟然强行把妈妈送到了医院。
◘ been there, done that --› see there
◘ be that as it may --› see may
◘ be there for someone
1. be available to support or comfort (someone) while they are experiencing difficulties or adversities
• 支持；安慰（困难或不幸中的）某人
◘ not be oneself
1. not feel in one's usual physical or mental state
• 失常；感到不舒服
◘ -to-be
1. [incombination] of the future
• 未来的
»my bride-to-be.
我未来的新娘。
【语源】
1. Old English bēon, an irregular and defective verb, whose full conjugation derives from several originally distinct verbs. The forms am and is are from an Indo-European root shared by Latin sum and est. The forms was and were are from an Indo-European root meaning 'remain'. The forms be and been are from an Indo-European root shared by Latin fui 'I was', fio 'I become', and Greek phuein 'bring forth, cause to grow'. The origin of are is uncertain【PHR V】
◘ be about --› see about （介词义项1）◘ be at
1. be doing or trying to do
• 正在做；打算做
»what are you at there?
你在那儿干什么呢？
◘ be away
1. leave or set out at once
• 离开；出发
»I'm away to my work.
我要去工作了。
◘ be off
1. [often inimperative] go away; leave
• 滚开；离去
» be off with you!.
你滚开！。
【用法】
1. For a discussion of whether it is correct to say that must be he at the door and it is I rather than that must be him at the door and it is me see usage at personal pronoun