salt中文

时间: 2024-11-08 10:30:50

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salt
/ sC:lt /

◙ noun
1. (也作 common salt)[mass noun] a white crystalline substance which gives seawater its characteristic taste and is used for seasoning or preserving food
• 盐，食盐
2. Alternative name: sodium chloride; chem. formula: NaCl
• 又名：sodium choride氯化钠；化学分子式：又名：sodium choride氯化钠；化学分子式：NaCl
  (poetic/literary)something which adds freshness or piquancy
• [诗/文] 风趣；兴味；俏皮；刺激性
»he described danger as the salt of pleasure.
  他把危险风趣地描写成乐趣。
  [count noun] a salt cellar
• 盐瓶，盐碟
»a turned beech salt.
  一个造型美观的山毛榉盐瓶。
3. [Chemistry] any chemical compound formed from the reaction of an acid with a base, with all or part of the hydrogen of the acid replaced by a metal or other cation
• [化] 盐
4. [一般作 old salt] [informal] an experienced sailor
• [非正式] 有经验的水手，老水手
◙ adjective, [attrib.]
1. impregnated with, treated with, or tasting of salt
• 含盐的；咸的；腌的，用盐处理过的；加盐调味的
»salt water.
  盐水。
»salt beef.
  腌牛肉。
2. (of a plant) growing on the coast or in salt marshes
• （植物）海生的；生长于盐沼的
◙ verb, [with obj.]
1. [usu. as adj. salted] season or preserve with salt
• 用盐给…调味；用盐腌
»cook the carrots in boiling salted water.
  在咸开水中煮胡萝卜。
  (figurative)make (something) piquant or more interesting
• [喻] 给…增添刺激；使…更有趣
»there was good talk to salt the occasion.
  其间有开心的交谈为那场合增添乐趣。
2. sprinkle (a road or path) with salt in order to melt snow or ice
• （为融化雪或冰）撒盐于（道路）上
  [informal] fraudulently make (a mine) appear to be a paying one by placing rich ore into it
• [非正式] 向（矿区）移入富矿石作伪装，使（矿区，矿山）呈虚假的富矿状
3. [as adj. salted] (of a horse) having developed a resistance to disease by surviving it
• （马）有免疫力的

【IDIOMS】

◘ rub salt into the (或 someone's) wound
1. make a painful experience even more painful for someone
• 在某人伤口上擦盐，使某人痛上加痛
◘ the salt of the earth
1. a person or group of people of great kindness, reliability, or honesty
• 社会中坚，最高尚的人，最值得信赖的人
◘ sit below the salt
1. be of lower social standing or worth
• 社会地位低
◘ take something with a pinch [或grain] of salt
1. regard something as exaggerated; believe only part of something
• 半信半疑
»I take anything he says with a large pinch of salt.
我对他所说的一切都要打个折扣。
◘ worth one's salt
1. good or competent at the job or profession specified
• 胜任的，称职的，有能力的
»any astrologer worth her salt would have predicted this.
任何一个称职的占星家都会预测到这一点。

【派生】

♦ saltish adjective
♦ saltless adjective
♦ saltness noun

【语源】

1. Old English sealt (noun), sealtan (verb), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch zout and German Salz (nouns), from an Indo-European root shared by Latin sal, Greek hals 'salt'

【PHR V】

◘ salt something away
1. [informal] secretly store or put by something, especially money
• [非正式] 私下积攒（尤指钱）
◘ salt something out
1. cause soap to separate from lye by adding salt
• 加盐使皂从碱液中分离出来
[Chemistry] cause an organic compound to separate from an aqueous solution by adding an electrolyte
• [化] 使盐析