burn的汉语

时间: 2024-09-19 11:41:49

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burn
/ bE:n /

burn¹
◙ (past and past participle burned 或主英 burnt)
1. [no obj.] (of a fire) flame or glow while consuming a material such as coal or wood
• 烧，燃烧
»a fire burned and crackled cheerfully in the grate.
  炉子里的火噼噼啪啪烧得正旺。
  (of a candle or other source of light) be alight
• 点亮
»a light was burning in the hall.
  大厅里点着灯。
  be or cause to be destroyed by fire
• （使）烧毁
»[no obj.] he watched his restaurant burn to the ground.
  他眼看着自己的餐馆被烧成平地。
»[with obj.] he burned all the letters.
  他把所有的信都烧了。
  [with obj.] damage or injure by heat or fire
• 烫伤；烧伤
»I burned myself on the stove.
  我被炉子烫着了。
2. [no obj.] (of a person, the skin, or a part of the body) become red and painful through exposure to the sun
• 晒黑；晒痛，晒伤
»my skin tans easily but sometimes burns.
  我的皮肤容易晒黑，但有时有痛感。
  feel or cause to feel sore, hot, or inflamed, typically as a result of illness or injury
• （使）感到灼痛；（使）感到火辣辣
  (of a person's face) feel hot and flushed from an intense emotion such as shame or indignation
• （脸因羞或怒）发烧
»her face burned with the humiliation.
  她的脸羞得发烧。
  (be burning with)be entirely possessed by (a desire or an emotion)
• 充满炽热感情（或欲望）
»Martha was burning with curiosity.
  玛莎充满了好奇。
3. [with obj.] use (a type of fuel) as a source of heat or energy
• 以…作燃料
»a diesel engine converted to burn natural gas.
  被改装成烧天然气的柴油机。
  [with obj.] (of the body of a person or animal) convert (calories) to energy
• （人，动物）把热量转化成能量
4. [no obj., with adverbial of direction] [informal] drive very fast
• [非正式] 飞速驾驶
»a despatch rider burning up the highways.
  在公路上飞速开车的通讯员。
5. [with obj.] produce (a compact disc) by copying from an original or master copy
• 刻录（光盘）
◙ noun
1. an injury caused by exposure to heat or flame
• 烫伤；烧伤
»he was treated in hospital for burns to his hands.
  他烫伤了手在医院接受治疗。
  a mark left on something as a result of being burned
• 烧痕
»the cord carpet was covered in cigarette burns.
  绳编地毯到处都是香烟烧过的痕迹。
  [mass noun] a feeling of heat and discomfort on the skin caused by friction, typically from a rope or razor
• （皮肤摩擦后）灼热；灼痛
»a smooth shave without razor burn.
  没有丝毫灼痛的舒服修面。
  a sensation of heat experienced on swallowing hot liquid or strong liquor
• （喝烈性酒或发烫饮料引起的）灼热；火辣感觉
»Kate felt the burn as the liquid hit her throat.
  饮料咽下时凯特感到喉部火辣辣的。
  [Brit. informal] a cigarette
• [英，非正式] 香烟
  a hot, painful sensation in the muscles experienced as a result of sustained vigorous exercise
• （肌肉持续剧烈运动后的）酸痛
2. consumption of a type of fuel as an energy source
• 消耗（燃料）
»natural gas produces the cleanest burn of the lot.
  在所有的燃料中天燃气燃烧起来最干净。
  a firing of a rocket engine in flight
• （飞行中火箭发动机）点火，点燃
3. [N. Amer. & Austral./NZ] an act of clearing of vegetation by burning
• [北美，澳／新西兰] 烧除地上草木
  an area of land cleared in this way
• 用火烧出的空地

【IDIOMS】

◘ be burned at the stake
1. (historical)be executed by being tied to a stake and being publicly burned alive, typically for alleged heresy or witchcraft
• [史] 施火刑
◘ burn one's boats (或 bridges)
1. do something which makes it impossible to return to an earlier state
• 破釜沉舟
◘ burn the candle at both ends
1. go to bed late and get up early
• 晚睡早起；超负荷工作
◘ burn the midnight oil
1. read or work late into the night
• 挑灯夜战；开夜车
◘ burn (北美亦作
1. [informal] drive very quickly
• [非正式] 飞速驾车
◘ go for the burn
1. [informal] push one's body to the extremes when doing physical exercise
• [非正式] （运动时躯体）伸展到极限
◘ a slow burn
1. [informal] a state of slowly mounting anger or annoyance
• [非正式] 怒火慢慢腾起
»the medical community's shrugging acceptance is fuelling a slow burn among women.
医疗界接纳女性时的勉强态度逐渐引起了她们的愤怒。
◘ with money burning in a hole of one's pocket
1. having a strong urge to spend money as soon as one receives it
• 有钱就想花；大手大脚

【语源】

1. Old English birnan 'be on fire' and baernan 'consume by fire', both from the same Germanic base; related to German brennen

【PHR V】

◘ burn something down (或 burn down)
1. (of a building or structure) destroy or be destroyed completely by fire
• （建筑物）（被）焚为平地，烧得精光
◘ burn something in/into
1. brand or imprint by burning
• 打烙印
»designs are burnt into the skin.
  把图案烙进皮肤。
»a childhood incident that was burnt into her memory.
  深深印在她记忆中的一件童年往事。
  [Photography] expose one area of a print more than the rest
• [摄] 将局部额外曝光
»the sky and bottom of the picture needed substantial burning in.
  天空以及照片底部都需要额外曝光。
◘ burn something off
1. remove a substance using heat
• 烧掉某物
»using a blowlamp to burn off the paint.
  用喷灯把油漆烧掉。
◘ burn out
1. be completely consumed and thus no longer alight
• 燃料用尽而熄灭
»the candle in the saucer had burned out.
  茶碟里的蜡烛已经烧灭了。
  cease to function as a result of excessive heat or friction
• （因过热或摩擦）烧坏，停止工作
»the clutch had burned out.
  离合器熄火了。
◘ burn oneself out
1. ruin one's health or become completely exhausted through overwork
• 积劳成疾；（超时工作而）把身体搞坏
◘ burn someone out
1. make someone homeless by destroying their home by fire
• （用火烧毁某人的房屋）使某人无家可归
»Catholics and Protestants were burned out of their homes.
  天主教徒和新教徒家被烧了，已都无家可归。
◘ burn something out
1. completely destroy a building or vehicle by fire, so that only a shell remains
• 烧毁…的内部
◘ burn up
1. (of a fire) produce brighter and stronger flames
• （火）旺起来，烧起来
2. (of an object entering the earth's atmosphere) be destroyed by heat
• （物体进入大气层）被焚毁
◘ burn someone up
1. [N. Amer. informal] make someone very angry
• [北美，非正式] 使愤怒

burn²
◙ noun
1. [Scottish & N. English] a small stream
• [苏格兰，北英格兰] 小溪

【语源】

1. Old English burna, burn(e), of Germanic origin; related to Dutch bron and German Brunnen 'well'