dust中文

时间: 2024-11-07 18:15:52

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dust
/ dQst /

◙ noun
1. [mass noun] fine, dry powder consisting of tiny particles of earth or waste matter lying on the ground or on surfaces or carried in the air
• 灰尘，尘土，尘埃
»the car sent up clouds of dust.
  汽车掀起一阵阵灰尘。
»they rolled and fought in the dust.
  他们在尘土里翻滚扭打。
  [with modifier] any material in the form of tiny particles
• 粉尘
»coal dust.
  煤尘。
  [in sing.] a fine powder
• 粉
»he ground it into a fine dust.
  他将之磨成细粉。
  [in sing.] a cloud of dust
• 尘雾
  (poetic/literary)a dead person's remains
• [诗／文] 尸骨，遗骸
»scatter my dust and ashes.
  散去我的遗骸和骨灰。
  (literary)the mortal human body
• [诗／文] 凡身，肉体
»the soul, that dwells within your dust.
  居于你肉体之中的灵魂。
2. [in sing.] an act of dusting
• 除去灰尘，掸尘，擦灰
»a quick dust, to get rid of the cobwebs.
  迅速掸去蜘蛛网。
◙ verb, [with obj.]
1. remove the dust from the surface of (something) by wiping or brushing it
• 除去…的灰尘，擦（或刷、扫、掸）净
»I broke the vase I had been dusting.
  我擦花瓶时把它打碎了。
»pick yourself up and dust yourself down.
  爬起来，把身上的灰拍干净。
»[no obj.] she washed and dusted and tidied.
  她洗了衣服，擦了灰尘，把东西收拾整齐。
  (dust something down/off)bring something out for use again after a long period of neglect
• 把（长期不用的东西）备好待用，重新采用
»a number of aircraft will be dusted off and returned to flight.
  许多长期闲置的飞机将被重新启用。
2. [一般作 be dusted] cover lightly with a powdered substance
• 把（粉末等）撒于，在…上撒（粉末等）
»roll out on a surface dusted with icing sugar.
  从撒着糖粉的表面滚出来。
  sprinkle (a powdered substance) on to something
• 撒（粉末等）于…
»orange powder was dusted over the upper body.
  在上部撒上橙色的粉末。
3. [US informal] beat up or kill someone
• [美，非正式] 痛打，揍；杀
»the officers dusted him up a little bit.
  那些警官揍了他一顿。

【IDIOMS】

◘ be done and dusted
1. [informal] (of a project) be completely finished or ready
• [非正式] （工程）完成，就绪
»well, that's part one done and dusted.
  这就是已经完成的第一部分。
◘ dust and ashes
1. used to convey a feeling of great disappointment or disillusion about something
• 令人失望的事物
»the party would be dust and ashes if he couldn't come.
  如果他不来，这个聚会会令人大失所望的。
◘ the dust settles
1. things quieten down
• 混乱结束，骚乱平息，纷扰平静下来
»she hoped that the dust would settle quickly and the episode be forgotten.
  她希望这场混乱快些结束，这一段故事就此被忘却。
◘ eat someone's dust
1. [N. Amer. informal] fall far behind someone in a competitive situation
• [北美，非正式] 远远落在某人的后面，望尘莫及
◘ gather (或 collect) dust
1. remain unused
• 被搁置，落满灰尘
»some professors let their computers gather dust.
  一些教授搁着他们的电脑不用，任其落满灰尘。
◘ leave someone/thing in the dust
1. surpass someone or something easily
• 轻松胜过，远远胜于，比…强得多
»today's modems leave their predecessors in the dust.
  现在的调制解调器要远远胜于以前的。
◘ not see someone for dust
1. find that a person has made a hasty departure
• 发现某人已匆匆离去
◘ kick up a dust (或美
1. [informal] create a disturbance
• [非正式] 吵闹，引起骚乱，惹是生非

【派生】

♦ dustless adjective

【语源】

1. Old English dūst, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch duist 'chaff'