subject的中文是什么

时间: 2024-09-17 13:17:29

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subject
/ 5sQbdVikt / n., adj. / sEb5dVekt / vt.

◙ noun
1. a person or thing that is being discussed, described, or dealt with
• 题目，问题；主题；对象
»I've said all there is to be said on the subject.
  关于这个问题我要说的都说完了。
»he's the subject of a major new biography.
  他是一部重要新传记的主人公。
  a person or circumstance giving rise to a specified feeling, response, or action
• 起因，缘由，原因；根据，理由
»the incident was the subject of international condemnation.
  那事件是招致国际谴责的原因。
  [Grammar] a noun phrase functioning as one of the main components of a clause, being the element about which the rest of the clause is predicated
• [语法] 主语
  [Logic] the part of a proposition about which a statement is made
• [逻] 主词，主项，主概念
  [Music] a theme of a fugue or of a piece in sonata form; a leading phrase or motif
• [乐] 主题，主旋律
  a person who is the focus of scientific or medical attention or experiment
• 受治疗者；实验对象
2. a branch of knowledge studied or taught in a school, college, or university
• 学科，科目，课程
3. a citizen or member of a state other than its supreme ruler
• 国民，臣民，臣服者
4. [Philosophy] a thinking or feeling entity; the conscious mind; the ego, especially as opposed to anything external to the mind
• [哲] 主体，主观；我，自我
  the central substance or core of a thing as opposed to its attributes
• 中心实体；核心
◙ adjective, [predic.] (subject to)
1. likely or prone to be affected by (a particular condition or occurrence, typically an unwelcome or unpleasant one)
• 易受…的，常受…的；易患…的
»he was subject to bouts of manic depression.
  他的躁狂抑郁症经常发作。
2. dependent or conditional upon
• 有待于…的，须经…的，需要…的；可有…的；将会…的
»the proposed merger is subject to the approval of the shareholders.
  拟议中的合并要经股东批准。
3. under the authority of
• 服从的；受支配的
»ministers are subject to the laws of the land.
  部长受国法管辖。
  [attrib.] under the control or domination of (another ruler, country, or government)
• 臣服的，隶属的，从属的
»the Greeks were the first subject people to break free from Ottoman rule.
  希腊人是首先摆脱奥特曼帝国统治的被奴役民族。
◙ adverb
1. (subject to)conditionally upon
• 在…的条件下
»subject to the EC's agreement, we intend to set up an enterprise zone in the area.
  在欧共体同意的条件下，我们拟在此地区建立企业振兴区。
◙ verb, [with obj.]
1. (subject someone/thing to)cause or force to undergo (a particular experience of form of treatment)
• 使经受；使遭受
»he'd subjected her to a terrifying ordeal.
  他使她经受了极度的煎熬。
2. bring (a person or country) under one's control or jurisdiction, typically by using force
• 使臣服，使隶属；使服从
»the city had been subjected to Macedonian rule.
  那城市曾被马其顿统治。

【派生】

♦ subjection noun
♦ subjectless adjective

【语源】

1. Middle English (in the sense ('person) owing obedience'): from Old French suget, from Latin subjectus 'brought under', past participle of subicere, from sub- 'under' + jacere 'throw'. Senses relating to philosophy, logic, and grammar are derived ultimately from Aristotle's use of to hupokeimenon meaning 'material from which things are made' and 'subject of attributes and predicates'